
󡪡дʹ˵ʯרǰ

½½

ԡ

ΰл壬ͶʧܵӢۻرĳ羴֮ģһǧó
˥ġ𼧡߶˶ʹϧˮ

Ȼʹĵǣһλΰ
ѪӢۣһλйƽͳһĸ䣬
һλԤԹֻʹǵٲıҾأʼ
ռҪԺͲаΰֻһľһ޴
ʧܵĴߣŲĵ̣òӣıߡĳЩ
׷ߺһʷߣ񶨲һʷļŰʮ
й½ʷ˼˶뷢չй½Խʯʶ
ҲڰйֻԺƭŷ츲صı仯ʷ
ȷʵѾߵܹʯԭòһ졣



һľĽʯȻһģսʧߣлȨ
ڴ½ʧܵĴһľйһʷԱ
ǡǣʯΪ쵼ɹĸ䣬Ϊ쵼ΰսʤ
ӢۣΪһλʼռֱȨһ׷ƽͳһл
䣬ȻʷһЩ˵ĺͲҵӢ׿Խ
ѫ˴Ӣδ޴ʧֻ֮ܶ;
ΪһλǿսʿȱиרƵĲпû
޲˹Ӷıѱߺı϶ͷ̨ΪһһȺ
ķ⽨ָġߡʵԶԶûһĶ
ûͬ¾ʬ
ڴĹµϣΪһλйרɵļʷУ
쵼˸ĳɹ˾޴ʧܵʷظڳƵ۵ĸ
ʽֱΪһҵĴԡȻǻۣ
ĵԣļᶨԣΪһʧ߶ӵеļͲξ񣬲ʹ
һλӢ۵ѧ塣ΪһӢ۵̨Ϊ
Ȩͳ֮ڡԡ˭йһ飩

ҽĿֻӢۣ֪ŮĿܲûӢ
ģһģһ䣬Ӣ۲ǺʣĲǽʯúά
˵ĶҵľʱĲ࣬Ȼһ֮Ĭף˵
ɹժʮһλŮд֮šתԴ½
Žġʯ1991һ飩

½ոտţõһʱǰӡġ
Ϊڴ֮ǰڴ½ླ⡰ѧߡ鼮Ƿǵ
һֱˣɱͷΣա

ȻѾһˣ½ȫйһҰĸ磬
ġҡŷǵѾǡϡΪ󡱣
ߵرڴЩ֪еĴ½ѧѾΪ
ȴκõġɫˣȻйרͳ
վڴ½䣬ȴڽ£ֱѾ
ĵزرǵѾȻйĵ̨Ǭйһǿ½
֮ʱ

ΪȷѵӦһ̨ѧߡʱˡ

Ȼھǡ໰±ʾǡ
ԴһҪԳơ߾硱ֹǡʧ֮ѱʵ
ġѧ硱ûСοԴйʶ֮
ǵ˱йصҳΪйһҪõҪ
һıġרԸ½ѧʷķ˼رǴ½Ҫ
ʯһʷľġԣǵʵڱй
塣رûɵĴ½ѾΪ˭Ҳġ
֮

Ȼйǲ׼ģΪķ棬ǿ϶й
лӢ۽ʯǣ˵Ҳһ
ݲ⡣

һ⣬Ϊ⣬Ϊǡ̫

ڶ⣬ҲΪ⣬Ϊǡ˽ʯʷ
㲻ơΪе໰ΪС
ââҲΪȻй½Ѷɹйǹ
ӱ֮£רҡġ¡Ѿκη
ġˡοй½Ѿ˽ʮ
ʷ˼֮˽ʮԽʯʶ֮󣬶Щר
ġѧʡʵѾǡη塱ˡ

ȣ֮˵̫Ϊ

һҪԻҪԴǲҪƵġΪ
ҪϣһԴһᷴĴСǵν¼Щڱ
лͳһ֮Ϊ˼ӵݶƻ¾ɾй
¶Ļ˵ǡĲࡱΪ˽У
Ȼȫȷǵȫȷ֤˽ȫ
ԡԴˣй½ʷѧ粻ѾΪȷʶҶΣ
ƻлͳһ̵ʷУṩ˷ḻʷ֤

Ϊ֤ȫԺ;ԴϧӦйëּ
ƭļٻ󻰺ͼļΪййı绤Уһе
֮ڽԴˣй½ѧʱѾõʷ˼֮УѾ
ڶйƭͼѳɹãֻɺ
ɵһˡ

ε׶ͳȫŹƬֻƫִ
ۿ̬Ȼֻܽκ϶˷ĲϡԴˣѾ
йпῼ顢Ϊ֮Ĵ½֪ʶӺͨ
йһȷʯǾԴƭУʷԵġ


ĺĳĻ˵ޡйף
й½ȫԼʡʷйؽʯƪ£λר
ں̺佯ʯνѧߣڽ
ҪҪԴһ©֪йڶȡȨˡ
͹֮󣬷ǵȡɱ¾ĲпֶΣ𡰾ᡱ
ʹκһл֪ߣǵԲŭ׹䵽˲Ͳ
ĵزңйܶԽ쵼νЭġʷίԱ
ᡱЩԹ񵳡͹޼ҳ𡱵٣
رЩԹ񵳺͹ϦѡӷǣҲǹ񵳺͹
ѽѹǣǿд¼ʵʾҪרд
齻ͽ¶񵳷ɣرǽ¶ʯġСǣ
ЩԲģԹ񵳲ǷġӢǡڹѪֶ֮£
ѧ˹ԣʼ̼ԼУҸ¶񵳷ɡ
رǽʯʷСԼйõֶΣеĴС
͵ط⽨İͷǣ͸Ҫͽʯġ
ìܡʵԼΣʷ񣬷һԶƵˡʯ
ķá棬ԼԼУҽ򹲲м
һеڵģԸôȴҲ滰˵ԣ
ġʷϡҲͷǵǡʷҸʷϡˡֻҪ
ԿһѽԴʽĻ¼һ־ҽڻ¼
ëƨдƪٻֽ޳ܡɡ
Ȼǰдµʲôʷϣܹʲôʷϵļֵ
½Ȼʹ෴˼ʷȴо˵Ļ¼ѹԸ
Щνʷϵĸԭ

˵ġʯ֮һҪЦһҪ½ĳ
ŪͱҲһˡȻҲǸ˵̫ҪԵ֮
һ

ڶѧǿЦġƵĺͲֵһġ

ʯ˵̸̫ŵ
񣬶һë̸ֻǵԼģ̸ǵ
Լȴס˲ġ·ɵйʧ
÷ֵо˵濴ôӷ濴ѳɵĿ
ӼĿһǾͻᾪȵķ֣ѾΪ
й˶٣סˣ˵·ж١

λġȴѧͷʵʷо
ΣһԴ޵ĽҲǴ棬ſˣԭ
Ϊоʷǿԡ濴ôӷ濴ѳɵ
ӼĿġ֮оʯ֮ʱǲӽʯ
ȷһģӦרŴӽʯȷķоûбҪԽʯ
оģ෴ֻҪӼͿжʯ
һԱ֮ǣֻҪǼ软һˣʯһˣ
ڽʷʵΪͨͨȥ

ʵڿԳƵǶʮѧоĴʹ졣ӴԺ
ЩѧʵˣǵҪǵҪʵֻҪһ
ļרӡԡĵطȥܹʲôѧʣɾʲôѧ
˭ܹ˭ˡѧʮʮ
ʹ̨崫й½йڳѹ޹ʱҲͲҪ
ʲô֤ˣë󶫺˰ǵʱҲ͸Ҫʲ
ôԵͽڼ͹ǵĲˡںϷһס󵨼
С֤ѧ߶֮ʵ֤塱ظ㶼ֻܱߵʷ
ˡѹڹ˵ǰйһʲôʷ
ѧɡѧɣһŰ˾֮ʷݾǣ
ɽйû˺κζҺͱңʵ
йѾˡǣԸ˰˾֮ʱ
֣ĳЩӢǡʷԸʷѧȻ
һйԣȴʹΪʹ½Ҫ
ôĶֻǹԣּʷѧɣܲù
ȻʷѧɣԭǳĴͷ֮
ܹڰ˾֮йҲͲΪˡ

Ȼκһλʷо߶֪оʷҪķҪ
ʵڼʵαܹʵʷо
͸ҪʷʷĹϵҲʵϵĹϵ֮
갷һʷʱǸݵĲΪǸݵģ
֮Ϊʷ𵽵ãǾʹӸʧȥ˶۵Ļ
ݡһҡõĸݡʧȥݣǵҪʧȥǷǣҸҪ
ҡ̨רΪҪѧϣǵ
Υҵߵǵʵü֤͹һֻҪ
嶷ȴǷ캦רңɥһѧߵĻ
˸񣬶˵ıɫҲѾɥʧ

ԣҪĽʯס˶ٵˣס˶
˸飬رסλӶʹֻĶߡȴ
ܴ֮СЩĽʯġʷСȻ
Ҫǽһѧֵ̽ģǣЩй½
ѧˣȴҪһ仰۽ʯһĹʧߣ
ûסûסһŵĳ򣬽յݣ
ô⸱ģ̨ʹ½ܳġ֪ˡأ

Եɺģֻ֤ѧߺоһʻȥǧ
֮ԶΪڱΪɵġʯһУ͹غ
Ȼѡֱһᡮķרоҵ
ˣһһдࡣȻֻΪͲоˡ
Ϊǵѧо̬ȣѧѧĴɡûһ͹۵û
һƽ˺˵̬Ҳûпܵóȷоɹɴ˿
ʵϸúΪѧΪѧоҲͲܵóΪ
ˡǾȻԲѵƣǵĽʯһѾԡ۶
ʯΧꡯɣ꿱ǵȫÿһ
۶۵ľ硱оʯ˺ѧߣһרϵĳɼ
Ȼ޳֮ߡʹϣҲֻܹ֤ǽ۵ȷ
ǵĽܹۡﵽ־磬Ҳʾ˵Ĺڡ
ЩдڽʯĻв֮Уң̨壬
ЦСڴ½ʵЦ󷽡֮ѧߣѧߣĲ
ѧ಻ѧĽۣڶͷﵽˡ۶ۡľ


ɴ˿֪ǡϣڽʯʮ棬֮
׺ĶۡʷԸ֮һҪգȾΪǸѧߣ
ֻǸߣΪǵ־һѧο½ֻ
ҪһûѧɣǾûжԽʯǹ۶һ졣ν
費ţǾ͹֮ɡһ

Ӳ˵ҲԸڴ֮꣬ԲŹ
ʯдһ֮ڴˣѾسŲһ
֮ĽʯͲһѧˣ
νѧоһĻ˵úһ㣬ѧƤ˵òһ㣬
ǼٽѧƭѡˣҪ˵úһ㣬д
һ̨˵ġ϶ǡȻûдĲŻûжļ
ѧ˵òһ㣬ǽйɲдġ
괺Ραѧ˶ѡ괺Σй½֮Ѿڶ
ߵϽʯֻֻܸңФ
ѡ

Ȼ˵˿Դ󻰵ڳ˰˵ڽ˽
ʯͬʱҲһһҳˣഺȥ
ˡϧǣһͽʯģΪһľ
ʧ֮ĽʯѾкСˣʯǽ
ΪѾһʷο½ڶʷķ˼Уڶ
ë󶫺ĶԱ֮Уʹ˼ʹأˣһܽ
õģڶ֮һ棬ҲѵýΪֻҪйרȨһ
첻壬йҪԸ޵Уѹȴ½ر
ڷ˼е֪ʶӣΪйˣй½̨
ҲҪΪؽлĴͳ±׼ִ£
һʷķ̲ġġԺĸˣسΪ
ΪĵĵԣҲǡࡱġ

бҪָǣ󣬾һĸйͳ
еһĵͣʮ̨ɵĻζ͹̥
ΪһִĹңǲܲһھ໰±ʾ
ѧߵģڴͳرִרƼȨңĹ̥ǵû
ҳҲֻһ·Ǵ½
һλѧԣڴ½һֻᱻɱһɱһ
˫һҪɱһǧֹȻ黰ʮ
½֪ʶѪдĲпʷȻֻ̨壬ֻ
һҪѭĻҪڲ֮¶˼ĻһƵ
ʱŻһֻ̥̥൱Ļɣܹ
൱ɵˡ¡䡣һλ½ѧߵĻ˵
ηﶼˣд飬η涼ҡ̥Ҳֻ̨
йţӶǧǧͷصĲʹʱŻйġƲ
Ȼ񻹲йŵ̨壬̥Ͳҳ
ηġӢۡˡ̥Ҳ͸ӵءӢۡ
̨ܹܹ֮֮ҡĸԵڡ

бҪѵǣĹ̥Ҳʲô˶ġԹͷǵ
ңһΪ֮Ա绤áԣʹڴ½Ҳδ
һֻɱͷϡΪЩڹʱڴʯ͡
ɡǣһ䵽˹в˲˱
Ƥͳ˼׵ǵĹǵ˭־ڱ˺
֮󣬴Ȼ̳أıҷͣһҪҧסţ
ݵı㲻ҷͣߴȥǶ񺺵ĽźǷ
ǲ֪֪ۼλ½֪ʶӰһҷ
־ɱǡûкùӳԡɼ׺ݵĹµ
ǻ֪йĶרƵ̨Ϊй̨һ
˺ͳֹһεرʾ޳йԡġѹΪ㲻
йĽŸȴҲ֤Ҫľרƣ෴רƱؽΪ
ӵν̨вͨĴ죬йר
ƴþҪٳ㸲ʱֵġĹйðȻ
Ϊ½ݣǣйѡΪйǧҪ
ǣ֮еĺͱΪˡ𡱡
ҪһǴ½ǧǧйпȺ֪ʶӺ͹ʶ
ѧᣬһǧǧйɱ֪ʶӺ޹
ѡЧйԴ֮ʮǰйƾ˵Ǿ
ܽθĸΪıؿ壬ɱ̫࣬Ǻ
Ǹ𡱡ʮǰСƽһ˶Ǭ˵һҲ
ˣΪһǾͻǧͷءԣĹв壻
йðһҪ˼ˡʹ½ѧ
ѧķҪһɹԩ¹
໡ı

ɱ㡣


